7). Example of networking devices and their functions, post at least 10 w/ picture.

1. Network interface cards

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  A network card, network adapter, or NIC (network interface card) is a piece of computer hardware designed to allow computers to communicate over a computer network. It provides physical access to a networking medium and often provides a low-level addressing system through the use of MAC addresses.

2. Repeaters

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  A repeater is an electronic device that receives a signal, clean it from the unnecessary
  noise, regenerate it and retransmits it at a higher power level, or to the other side of anobstruction, so that the signal can cover longer distances without degradation. In most twisted pair Ethernet configurations, repeaters are required for cable which runs longer than 100 meters.

3. Hubs

• A network hub contains multiple ports. When a packet arrives at one port, it is copied unmodified to all ports of the hub for transmission. The destination address in the frame is not changed to a broadcast address.

4. Switches

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  A network switch is a device that forwards and filters OSI layer 2 datagrams (chunk of data communication) between ports (connected cables) based on the MAC addresses in the packets.[6] This is distinct from a hub in that it only forwards the frames to the ports involved in the communication rather than all ports connected. A switch breaks the collision domain but represents itself a broadcast domain. Switches make forwarding decisions of frames on the basis of MAC addresses. A switch normally has numerous ports, facilitating a star topology for devices, and cascading additional switches.[7] Some switches are capable of routing based on Layer 3 addressing additional logical levels; these are called multi-layer switches. The term switch is used loosely in marketing to encompass devices including routers and bridges, as well as devices that may distribute traffic on load or by application content (e.g., a Web URL identifier).

5. Bridges

• A network bridge connects multiple network segments at the data link layer (layer 2) of the OSI model. Bridges do not promiscuously copy traffic to all ports, as hubs do, but learn which MAC addresses are reachable through specific ports. Once the bridge associates a port and an address, it will send traffic for that address only to that port. Bridges do send broadcasts to all ports except the one on which the broadcast was received.

6. Routers

• A router is a networking device that forwards packets between networks using information in protocol headers and forwarding tables to determine the best next router for each packet. Routers work at the Network Layer (layer 3) of the OSI model and the Internet Layer of TCP/IP.

7. Gateway

• device sitting at a network node for interfacing with another network that uses different protocols. Works on OSI layers 4 to 7.

8. Firewall

• a piece of hardware or software put on the network to prevent some communications forbidden by the network policy

9. Multilayer Switch

• a switch which, in addition to switching on OSI layer 2, provides functionality at higher protocol layers.

10. Digital media receiver

• Connects a computer network to a home theatre